浙江温州地区海水养殖业风险状况及对策研究

水产养殖业是一个高投入、高产出、高风险的产业，养殖过程中面临的各种自然、市场和技术风险都会给渔业生产造成不可估量的损失。温州地处亚热带海洋性季风气候区，海水养殖业在当地农村经济建设中发挥了重要作用，全面评估当地海水养殖业中存在的各种风险因素和风险程度，积极探索和研究行之有效的应对机制，对于促进当地海水养殖业持续、健康、快速发展以及渔区的和谐与稳定具有重要的现实意义。     

山东设施渔业发展现状及对策建议

设施渔业是通过科学的管理和先进的养殖设备,实现水产养殖优质、高产、高效的一种新的生产方式,是现代渔业发展的必然趋势。山东省是水产养殖大省,其设施渔业的发展也一直走在全国的前列。文章在描述了设施渔业的定义和产业特点之后,结合山东省发展设施渔业的条件,在现状描述的基础上,针对其在设施渔业发展中存在的问题,提出了相关对策建议。     

中国的鲟鱼养殖

以作者的研究经历及国内外相关资料为基础,重点介绍了我国鲟鱼养殖产业和养殖技术研究的发展历史、我国的鲟鱼及其目前的主要养殖种类、养殖地区、生产方式、生产量和产业发展趋势,并针对产业发展面临的主要问题提出建议。     

土地承包经营权人股合作社的法律障碍及其排除

我国现行相关法律、法规为土地承包经营权入股合作社奠定了制度基础。然而，实践中土地承包经营权入股合作社的现象并不普遍。分析表明，土地承包经营权确权登记制度的缺陷、土地承包经营权抵押融资的法律限制以及土地承包经营权出资与退社制度的法律冲突构成土地入股合作社的主要法律障碍。因此，只有完善农地确权登记和资产评估制度、构建农地抵押融资制度以及协调农地流转与合作社法律制度，方能排除土地承包经营权入股合作社的制度障碍并促使其制度功能得以有效发挥。     

中国的鲟鱼养殖

以作者的研究经历及国内外相关资料为基础,重点介绍了我国鲟鱼养殖产业和养殖技术研究的发展历史、我国的鲟鱼及其目前的主要养殖种类、养殖地区、生产方式、生产量和产业发展趋势,并针对产业发展面临的主要问题提出建议。     

Preliminary Nutritional Analysis of Lancelets,a Promising Seafood with Aquacultural Potential

Abstract

Lancelets are filter feeding, fish-like, marine chordates that resemble anchovies. Although they are widely distributed in coastal areas of the U.S.A., especially in the Southeast, and have been used as a food source in other countries, the only nutritional analysis of lancelets was performed in 1941 on preserved specimens. We report nutritional data on freshly processed lancelets, including a proximate analysis, fatty acid profile, and amino acid profile. These data are preliminary because of the limited number of samples and time periods of collection, but they are important because no similar data exist for this potential food resource. Moisture composed 88.9% of the sample, protein 9.4%, ash 1.3%, and fat 0.7%. Carbohydrates, as estimated by subtraction from the total, are absent. Cholesterol was only 18.3 mg per 100 g sample. Omega-3 fatty acids composed 30% of total fatty acids or 0.58 g per 100 g sample of whole lancelets. The fatty acid profile reveals some similarities to that of vertebrate fishes as well as to invertebrate shellfish, but also reflects the unique nature of lancelets. An uncommon omega-3 fatty acid, 22:5, is prevalent in the lancelet profile in addition to 22:6 and 20:5. The fatty acid data also suggest that the diet of lancelets is diverse, consisting of phytoplankton and zooplankton. The amino acid profile, with glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and glycine as the most common residues, reflects the preponderance of muscle and collagen and the absence of cartilage and bone.     

Shellfish aquaculture in Thailand

Abstract

Shellfish have been farmed in Thailand for over 100 years, and during this time, traditional culture techniques have gradually given way to more sophisticated and capital intensive methods. Farmed shellfish production increased from 73,976 to 138,202 metric tonnes between 1988 and 2000. Major species currently under cultivation include the green mussel Perna viridis, the blood cockle Anadara granosa, and three species of oyster (Saccostrea cucullata, Crassostrea belcheri, and Crassostrea iredalei). The horse mussel Arcuatula arcuatula is also produced in limited amounts for animal feed, and gastropods such as the abalone Haliotis asinina and the spotted babylon Babylonia areolata are in the initial phases of commercialization. With the globalization of fisheries commodity markets, the Thai shellfish sector is slowly implementing more rigorous management and certification processes. These procedures are required to access European, American and Japanese markets, and would also serve to decrease the risk of gastrointestinal disease for local consumers.     

Effects of Water Velocity on Conditioning of Summer Flounder,Paralichthys dentatus,for Net Pens

Abstract

Attempts to rear summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus, in net pens have suffered from high mortality during the month after fish were transferred from a nursery facility to pens. We investigated whether exposing summer flounder to increased (and constant) current velocity in the nursery stage would condition them for better performance in cages. Three experiments were conducted with different water velocities in tanks, using fish of 124±4 g (exposed to 0, 15, or 30 cm/sec for 60 d), 257±12 g (exposed to 0, 20, or 40 cm/sec for 60 d) and 387±13 g (exposed to 0, 15, or 30 cm/sec for 30 d), in a raceway system with adjustable paddlewheels. For all of the size groups of fish, survival was significantly reduced at the highest current velocity. For both 124-g and 257-g fish, growth in the medium-velocity treatment was significantly better than that in the control (0 cm/sec) treatment, which in turn was better than that in the high-velocity treatment. For 387-g fish, growth at medium velocity was significantly greater than that at high velocity; control fish were lost due to a system malfunction. Food consumption data from the 257-g fish showed that the fish in medium velocity grew most because they consumed significantly more food during the experiment than did fish in the control, which in turn consumed significantly more than fish in high velocity. Similarly, 387-g fish in medium velocity consumed the most food, but the difference was not significant in this case. At the end of the laboratory experiment with 124-g fish, fish from the control and medium-velocity treatments were moved to cages in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, where currents of about 1 knot (approx. 55 cm/second) are routine. After three weeks in the cages, no significant differences in survival were observed (control = 83±12%; medium velocity = 81±2%). Subsequent damage to some of the cages and escapement of the fish precluded further statistical analysis of survival, as well as any growth measurements. At the end of the laboratory experiment with 387-g fish, fish from medium- and high-velocity treatments were moved to the cages; however, survival in this case was very low (<10% in all cages), perhaps due to heavy waves from an offshore hurricane. We conclude that current velocities of 15-20 cm/second in the nursery improve growth of juvenile summer flounder, that current velocities of 30-40 cm/second are excessive, but that increased current velocity in the nursery does not improve fish survival upon transfer to cages.     

顺昌县农民专业合作社发展现状分析

分析当前顺昌县发展农民专业合作社取得的初步成效，总结存在的问题，提出相应的解决对策。     

Largemouth bass predators reduce growth,feeding and movement in juvenile channel catfish

Fine ML, Mayo MS, Newton SH, Sismour EN. Largemouth bass predators reduce growth, feeding and movement in juvenile channel catfish. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2011: 20: 114–119. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Animals utilise sensory cues to make decisions that will decrease their vulnerability to predation. With a well‐developed olfactory system and taste buds located inside the mouth and on the external body surface, catfishes are excellent subjects to investigate nonconsumptive predator effects. Juvenile channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus are often eaten by largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, and we tested the hypothesis that largemouth bass fed catfish would adversely affect foraging and growth in channel catfish. Groups of catfish were placed in tanks partitioned by a mesh screen: experimental tanks had a largemouth bass on the other half of the tank, and control tanks had an empty chamber. Experimental catfish exhibited a long‐term decrease in spontaneous motion, feeding and growth. Feeding catfish to the bass caused the experimental catfish to freeze after a multi‐second latency suggesting transport of an alarm cue. Thus, there were long‐term effects from the continuous presence of the bass and additional short‐term cues from the bass consuming a catfish.